In the second half of the 20th century Polish intellectuals were divided into two camps, "kraj" and "emigracja". One of the bases that played a major role on the "emigracja" side was the Institute of Litterature and the magazine "Kurtura". Although there was an ideological conflict peculiar to the Cold War period between "kraj" and "emigracja", "Kurtura" sought a way to overcome the division of eastern and western camps by building relationships with intellectuals from "kraj", while it maintained its character as a free press for the liberal camp. In this study, we collected and analyzed the basic historical materials (especially the correspondence of the editor-in-chief Giedroyc) that are indispensable for making clear the historical role of the Institute of Litterature and "Kurtura".
