The purpose of this research is twofold: 1) to build digital archives and GIS databases with modern topographic documents and published maps; and 2) to examine changes in spatio-temporal urban structures and representations of Kyoto between the end of the Edo period and the beginning of the Meiji period. First, I created digital image databases using collections of topographic documents and published maps from University of California, Berkeley and Kyoto Prefectural Library and Archives. I make the archive available to the public on the Internet. Next, I collected occupational, personal, and geographical information (e.g., personal and business names) from the digitized topographic documents; and landmark information from the digitized maps. Comparing location information in the archived maps and an actual map, I investigated where business areas and landmarks emerged throughout time. The results revealed that changes in city structure affected the composition of the maps.
